Title:

A Lightweight Adaptive Holding-time Policy for Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2026, nr 2

Group publication title:

2026, nr 2, JTIT-artykuły

Creator:

Hoang, Trong-Minh ; Tran, Thanh-Long ; Tran, Huy-Long ; Pham, Ngoc-Bich ; Lam, Sinh Cong

Subject and Keywords:

adaptive holding time ; energy efficiency ; semi-Markov control ; topology refresh ; wireless sensor networks

Description:

kwartalnik

Abstrakt:

In clustered wireless sensor networks (WSNs), re-shaping the topology can redistribute cluster head load, but each such task consumes energy. This paper studies the refresh timing problem in static clustered WSNs, where the controller decides not only whether to rebuild the topology but also determines the time over which the selected topology remains active. The proposed method formulates topology maintenance as a semi-Markov adaptive holding-time control problem. At each control epoch, the controller selects a refresh indicator, a target cluster count, and a holding time. The topology builder uses explicit cluster head election, nearest head member association, and intra-cluster chain forwarding with one-hop cluster head transmission to the base station. Under nominal deployment, the proposed controller reaches a half-node death (HND) point of 1969.1 ±8.4 rounds with 0.104 J of control energy, while periodic refresh with T = 10 reaches 1819.7 ±32.6 rounds and consumes 1.133 J. Across seven tested deployment scenarios, the proposed method gives a higher HND point with lower control energy than the tested refresh-enabled baselines. Therefore, the method is positioned as a lifetime overhead control mechanism, favoring lower control energy and longer mid-life operation, whereas periodic refresh remains preferable when delivery performance is the primary objective.

Volume:

104

Number:

2

Publisher:

National Institute of Telecommunications

Date:

2026, nr 2

Resource Type:

artykuł

DOI:

10.26636/jtit.2026.2.2598

eISSN:

1899-8852

Source:

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

Language:

ang

Rights Management:

Biblioteka Naukowa Instytutu Łączności

License:

CC BY 4.0

rights owner:

Biblioteka Naukowa Instytutu Łączności